Application 3 · Investment

By what mechanismdoes the land reach an operator?

The evaluation establishes where agriculture is possible, watered, permitted and suited to a crop. It does not say who develops that land, on what terms, or what the state retains afterwards. This application sets out the mechanisms available, profiled against economic and social impact. These are options for consideration. No preference is expressed and no model is recommended.

5Model groups
16Sub-models
13Impact criteria
0Composite scores
Six modules

The application, end to end

The modules run in order of use: what the question is, what the options are, how they are read, how they compare, which survive a given zone's classification, and what happened when they were tried elsewhere.

Module 2Orientation

The Question

Why allocation is a policy choice rather than a technical result, what this application does and does not evaluate, and the boundary against the evaluation itself.

4 boundaries statedOpen →
Module 3Core reference

Model Catalogue

Every mechanism grouped by what the state contributes and what it keeps — how it works, where it has been implemented, and how it reads against all thirteen criteria.

16 sub-models · 25 sourcesOpen →
Module 4Framework

Impact Framework

What each criterion asks, how it is read, and how it is commonly misread — then the seven places where improving one reading reliably degrades another.

13 criteria · 7 tensionsOpen →
Module 5Core deliverable

Comparison Matrix

Five groups against thirteen criteria, side by side. Every cell states what that group does — never a rating, and no row or column produces a total.

65 cells · 0 totalsOpen →
Module 6The link back

Zone Routing

A zone's classification closes some mechanisms before anyone chooses between the rest. Build a composite code and see which models remain available.

9 rules · 3 terminalOpen →
Module 7The record

Precedent Cases

Seven programmes that allocated state land, with what was done and what resulted — including the failures, and what transfers to the Kingdom against what does not.

7 cases · 70 yearsOpen →
The boundary that defines this application

Economic impact means food security, not treasury return

This is the instruction most easily lost. An allocation study that drifts into fiscal appraisal starts favouring whichever mechanism returns most money to the state — a different question, and one nobody asked.

In scope
  • Import substitution — what the model displaces from the import bill
  • Self-sufficiency contribution on strategic commodities
  • Commodity coverage — cereals, forage, dates, vegetables, protein
  • Supply-chain resilience against disruption and price shocks
  • Production volume, reliability, and time to production
  • Capital mobilised, as a measure of development achieved
Out of scope
  • Corporate tax receipts
  • Lease and licence revenue to the state
  • Fiscal return on public investment
  • Land sale proceeds
  • Job creation counted as tax base
  • Any treasury-facing return metric
Why there is no single score

Weighting social impact against economic impact is a political judgement

A composite score would require deciding how much citizen participation is worth against how much import substitution. That decision belongs to the Ministry, not to an analysis. Producing one number would embed a policy choice inside what presents as a technical output, and would conceal precisely the trade-off the comparison exists to reveal.

This follows the rule already applied in the evaluation, where capability, water, land rights and crop suitability are reported as four independent answers and never averaged into one.

How the three applications fit

Three questions, kept apart on purpose

Separating the applications is what stops a permission question being answered with an economic argument, or the reverse. This application takes the evaluation's findings as given and does not re-open them.

ApplicationAnswersNever answers
App 1 — Land EvaluationIs agriculture possible, watered, permitted, and suited to a cropWhether it is profitable, or who should develop it
App 2 — DatabaseWhere every value comes from, and how far it can be trustedWhat should be done with the finding
App 3 — InvestmentBy what mechanism land reaches an operatorWhether the land is suitable — that is already settled
Stated openly

What this application inherits

These gaps sit beneath every economic statement made here. They are listed because economic language reads as more authoritative than the physical findings supporting it, and the qualification has to be visible rather than implied.

Open itemEffect on this application
No Saudi-calibrated crop thresholdsProduction estimates are indicative only
Area ledger values not computedNo area totals available to size any model
Governorate boundary layer not obtainedZones not yet generated
Water and land-rights elements ministry-dependentArea availability unconfirmed
Minimum viable areas unconfirmed against the Terms of ReferenceOperator-class routing is provisional
Five sub-models with no located implementationCarried as structures, not presented as record
The qualification carried throughout

No economic statement here is firmer than the physical findings beneath it

Production and self-sufficiency statements in this application are indicative. Crop thresholds are not yet calibrated for Saudi conditions, the area ledger is not computed, and the water and land-rights elements await ministry data.

The Ministry weighs these options. This application makes the trade-offs visible so that the choice is made with them in view.