Application 3 · Investment

By what mechanismdoes the land reach an operator?

The evaluation establishes where agriculture is possible, watered, permitted and suited to a crop. It does not say who develops that land, on what terms, or what the government retains afterwards. This application sets out the mechanisms available, profiled against economic and social impact. These are options for consideration. No preference is expressed and no model is recommended.

5Model groups
16Sub-models
23Impact criteria
0Composite scores
Six modules

The application, end to end

The modules run in order of use: what the question is, what the options are, how they are read, how they compare, which survive a given zone's classification, and what happened when they were tried elsewhere.

Module 2Orientation

The Question

Why allocation is a policy choice rather than a technical result, what this application does and does not evaluate, and the boundary against the evaluation itself.

4 boundaries statedOpen →
Module 3Core reference

Model Catalogue

Every mechanism grouped by what the government contributes and what it keeps — how it works, where it has been implemented, and how it reads against all twenty-three criteria.

16 sub-models · 24 sourcesOpen →
Module 4Framework

Impact Framework

What each criterion measures across the three fields — economic, social and environmental — how it is read, and the eleven places where a gain in one causes a loss in another.

23 criteria · 11 conflictsOpen →
Module 5Core deliverable

Comparison Matrix

Five groups against twenty-three criteria, side by side. Every cell states what that group does — never a rating, and no row or column produces a total.

115 cells · 0 totalsOpen →
Module 6The link back

Zone Routing

A zone's classification closes some mechanisms before anyone chooses between the rest. Build a composite code and see which models remain available.

9 rules · 3 terminalOpen →
Module 7The record

Precedent Cases

Six programmes that allocated government land, with what was done and what resulted — including the failures, and what transfers to the Kingdom against what does not.

6 cases · 70 yearsOpen →
How impact is assessed

Three fields: economic, social, environmental

Every model is examined against twenty-three criteria across three fields. The fields are reported separately and none takes precedence over another.

Economic · EC1 – EC10
  • Imported food replaced, and progress toward covering strategic crops
  • Which crops the model produces, and how reliably
  • Time between allocation and first harvest
  • Private investment attracted to develop the land
  • Payments received by the government, and for how long
  • Public expenditure required for the model to operate
Social · SC1 – SC6
  • Whether ordinary citizens can obtain land
  • Employment created, and whether it lasts
  • Whether allocation favours those who already hold capital
  • Whether rural settlements are sustained or land concentrates
  • Whether farming knowledge reaches Saudi operators
  • Effect on existing land users, including herders
Environmental · EN1 – EN7
  • Whether the model rewards water volume or water efficiency
  • Whether the agreement outlasts the water source
  • Soil condition over the period of use
  • Improvement of degraded land, including tree planting and dune stabilisation
  • Clearance of native plants and ground cover
  • Wildlife habitat, and whether animals can still move through
  • Whether the government can act on damage, and whether anyone checks
Assessed elsewhere
  • Whether agriculture is physically possible — land evaluation
  • Whether water exists and is licensable — land evaluation
  • Whether development is legally permitted — land evaluation
  • How well a given crop would perform — land evaluation
  • Where each value came from and how far it is reliable — database

Economic impact covers two objectives. The first is food security: reducing dependence on imported food. The second is revenue: what the government is paid, over what period, and at what public cost. Generating revenue where possible is among the Ministry's objectives, so a model that produces food while returning nothing and one that returns a continuing income are not treated as equivalent. Private investment attracted (EC7) is recorded separately from revenue received (EC8), because the government never receives the former.

Why there is no single score

Weighting the three fields against one another is a political judgement

A composite score would require deciding how much citizen participation is worth against reduced wheat imports, against revenue received, or against reduced water abstraction. That decision belongs to the Ministry, not to an analysis. Producing one number would embed a policy choice inside what presents as a technical output, and would conceal precisely the trade-off the comparison exists to reveal.

This follows the rule already applied in the evaluation, where capability, water, land rights and crop suitability are reported as four independent answers and never averaged into one.

How the three applications fit

Three questions, kept apart on purpose

Separating the applications is what stops a permission question being answered with an economic argument, or the reverse. This application takes the evaluation's findings as given and does not re-open them.

ApplicationAnswersNever answers
App 1 — Land EvaluationIs agriculture possible, watered, permitted, and suited to a cropWhether it is profitable, or who should develop it
App 2 — DatabaseWhere every value comes from, and how far it can be trustedWhat should be done with the finding
App 3 — InvestmentBy what mechanism land reaches an operatorWhether the land is suitable — that is already settled
Stated openly

What this application inherits

These gaps sit beneath every economic statement made here. They are listed because economic language reads as more authoritative than the physical findings supporting it, and the qualification has to be visible rather than implied.

Open itemEffect on this application
No Saudi-calibrated crop thresholdsProduction estimates are indicative only
Area ledger values not computedNo area totals available to size any model
Governorate boundary layer not obtainedZones not yet generated
Water and land-rights elements ministry-dependentArea availability unconfirmed
Minimum viable areas unconfirmed against the Terms of ReferenceOperator-class routing is provisional
Five sub-models with no located implementationCarried as structures, not presented as record
The qualification carried throughout

No economic statement here is firmer than the physical findings beneath it

Production and self-sufficiency statements in this application are indicative. Crop thresholds are not yet calibrated for Saudi conditions, the area ledger is not computed, and the water and land-rights elements await ministry data.

The Ministry weighs these options. This application makes the trade-offs visible so that the choice is made with them in view.